Tests used in diagnosis of Penis Cancer

Following test are administered by physician in determination of stage, extent and cause of Penis cancer.

Physical Exam:

The doctor checks the penis in order to identify any sign of penis cancer’s growth such as lumps or some unusual things.

Medical History:

The doctor also asks about the medical history, past illness, family history of penis cancer and through these  they get an idea what leads to penis cancer’s growth.

Biopsy:

In this test, the doctor removes the small tissue or cells sample so that it is viewed under microscope by pathologist.  This test is really helpful in knowing of growth of cancerous cells and non-cancerous cells.

Imaging Studies of Penis Cancer

Once the doctors get the confirmation about the presence of Penis cancer then they suggest following test so that extent and stage of Penis cancer can be find out.

CT scan /CAT scan:

In this procedure an x-ray machine is linked with computer then a series of pictures are taken from inside the body. The pictures are taken from different angels. Sometimes, the doctor injected a special dye into vein so that cancerous affected area’s pictures are clearly obtained. This test is recognized with different named such as computed tomography, computerized tomography, or computerized axial tomography.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging:

Another imaging study employs to get the more detailed and cross-sectional images of inside body are taken.  In order to increase the quality of pictures a gadolinium,  special substance , is injected into the vein. This substance collects around the cancerous cells  , in picture this area looks more brighter than other areas. This process is known as nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI).

Ultrasound Exam:

In this process high energy sound waves bounces off with the tissue or organs and create echoes  . These echoes make a picture, a sonogram of inside body.

It is said that the incidence of penis cancer is some what more in uncircumcised men especially in the men who don’t properly clear the area under foreskin.
Smegma is the cheese-like secretion that present under the foreskin may cause the Penis cancer if it is not cleared by men time to time. It is also proved that smegma has the capabilities to develop the cancers properties in men. It is really important to maintain the personal hygiene.

Penis cancer adversely affects the penis of man and this disease is rare in the men of US and Europe.Some other risk factors including smegma are:

It is described in the aging process that more age of men starts biochemical reactions and thereby increase the chances of penile cancerous cell growth. Mostly the men of over age 60 are targeted by this cancer.

Inheritance also plays a minor role in the occurrence of Penis cancer. A man may become its patient when his father or an older sibling already has this cancer growth. On the other hand, the risk of inheritance is not very great than that of other risk factors.

Infection of HPV is the main cause of Penis cancer .It is shown in the study that around 5 out of 10 men with penile cancer have HPV infection.HPV is a virus that is transmitted skin to skin contact during sexual intercourse. HPV is the common virus and it doesn’t only cause penile cancer in men but also a cause of Cervical cancer in women.

Smoking also boosts up the risk of penis cancer; during smoking you inhale toxic and harmful chemicals that usually affect your organs. The presence of these chemicals cause damage to penis cells and result come in the form of abnormal cancerous cells growth. Smoking also weakens your immunity system and due to this habit your immune system doest not fight with HPV so lead to cancer development.

One thing to consider is that increase risk factors in your body not always lead to penis cancer. It simply means that increase risk will amplify the chances of cancer occurrence in men. There come some treatments that will help to lessen up these risk factors.

The exact causes of penis cancer are not known but there are certain risk factors that are thought to be associated with it:  Smoking, Phimosis (tightness of prepuce), Treatment of psoriasis with UV light, Age and HIV, Poor hygiene, Lack of certain vitamins and nutrients. Symptoms of penis cancer include Redness of the penis, Irritation on the penis, a sore on the penis; A lump on the penis.Treatment of penis cancer depends on the stage or extent of its spread. These generally include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy and biological therapy. Particular treatment include: Local excision (where tumour and surrounding tissue is removed), Microsurgery, Laser surgery (laser light used to burn away cancerous cells), Circumcision (where cancerous foreskin is removed), Penictomy (where the penis is removed and the associated lymph nodes. This occurs if it is urethral cancer.

Food and nutrition play a big part in the management of all types of cancer. Eating cruciferous vegetables like spinach and kale, which have abundant vitamins A, K, C and vital amino acids can actually reverse some of the symptoms of cancer by removing dangerous chemicals from the body. Proper hygiene at all times also plays an important role in keeping cancer, especially penis cancer, at bay.